The Essential Knowledge about Winding

Balloon Theory

  • The rotation applied to the departing yarn during at high speed of the yarn unwinding from a stationary spinning cop, the yarn is thrown by centrifugal force away from the cop axis & circumscribes in space a plane is called balloon.

  • The shape of balloon depends on the tension of the yarn at the unwinding from cop.

Factors Influence the size of Balloon

• Yarn count
• Winding & unwinding speed
• Size and shape of the package
• Position of guide
• Lift of the package

Stop Motion

Stop motion is active in case of

  • Thread breakage

  • Empty supply package i.e. yarn supply is exhausted.

  • Full delivery package i.e. yarn package is completed.

  • Other interruption.

Traverse Motion

By the help of motion when a dynamic part of a machine moves in to & fro motion, then this movement is called traverse motion. In the package winding by the help of this motion yarn is wound evenly in a package.

Traverse methods are mainly two types:

  1. Reciprocating motion &

  2. Rotating motion.

Reciprocating motion

By the help of this motion moving parts of a machine is passed a fixed distance & with in a several time it back its starting position.

This motion is performed in two mechanisms:

  1. A single guide rod & cam for many winding spindle.

  2. A guide rod & cam for each spindle.

Rotating Traverse motion

Rotating traverse motion is completed its motion by the rotation of a grooved drum. On the surface of drums there contains grooved shape & yarn package is wound & rotates with the surface contact of grooved drum.

Method of driving/ Driving of Winding packages

  • Surface contact driving,

  • Directly package driving at constant rpm/speed.

  • Directly package driving at variable rpm/speed.

Surface Contact Driving
Directly package driving at constant rpm/speed
Directly package driving at variable rpm/speed

Manual Winding Machine Features

  • Knotting is done manually.

  • Creeling is done manually.

  • Low speed, so less production.

  • High labour cost.

  • Less initial cost.

  • Almost no fault removing capacity.

  • Not economic.

Winding Parameter

  • Winding rate

  • Winding on diameter

  • Winding on surface

  • Yarn traverse velocity

  • Angle of wind

  • Winding rate:
    Winding rate is defined as the amount of yarn to be wound on the package per unit time ie. the length of yarn in meter wound on package per minute. Its unit is m/min.
  • Winding on diameter:
    The diameter of the package on which the winding is done is called winding on diameter. It may vary according to the package. Its unit is cm.
  • Winding on surface:
    The place where winding is done according to the time is called winding on surface. Its unit is m/min.
  • Traverse velocity:
    Traverse velocity is defined as the amount of traverse happened during winding per unit time.e. The length of traverse in m/min is called traverse velocity, it is denoted by Vₜ and its unit is m/min.
  • Surface velocity:
    The rate of winding which is done on winding on diameter is called surface velocity. It is denoted by Vₛ and its unit is m/min.
  • Net winding velocity:
    By dividing the traverse velocity with the sine value of winding angle is called net winding velocity. It is called real winding rate. It is denoted by Vᵣ and its unit is m/min.
  • Angle of wind:
    The angle contained between a warp of yarn on the surface of a package and the diametrical plane of the package. Angle of wind may vary with the traverse speed. No of coils in a layer will be decreased with increasing the angle of wind. As a result amount yarns will less on the package. It is denoted by θ.
  • Coil angle:
    The angle between the horizontal axis and the yarn is called coil angle. It is denoted by β. Coil angle may increased with decreased the angle of wind.

Defects of Yarn

• Slub
• Nep
• Hairiness
• Gout or foreign matter
• irregular (Thick & thin place)
• Soiled or dirty yarn
• Snarl
• Twity or cockled yarn
• Trash
• Irregular twist
• Flying or adhering fibre
• Foreign fibre or wild fibre
• Immature or dead fibre
• Low twist or soft spun

Fault & Defect in Winding

• Incorrect winding speed.
• Tension variation.
• Soft bobbin.
• Tight bobbin.
• No. of less removal of slubs, neps, dirt loose
  fibres.
• Incorrect shape of packages.
• Too much knot in the yarn
• Excessive full bobbin.

• Two end winding.
• Slack knots or knots with long tail.
• Overlapping.
• Mixing of yarn of difference linear density.
• Ribbon formation.
• Stitching or jail formation.
• Snarl.
• Wild yarn.
• Entanglement of yarn.

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